The Jibanananda Das Biography
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Jibanananda Das (February 17, 1899 – October 22, 1954; 6 Falgun, 1305 – 5 Kartik, 1361 BCE) became one of the main cutting-edge Bengali poets and writers of the 20th century. He is one of the pioneers of modernity in Bangla poetry.
Although Nazrul Islam inspired the first poem of Jibanananda Das, he have become an explorer of the essential and different paths from the second poem. He began to gain recognition from the beginning of his demise till the give up of the twentieth century. When his start anniversary celebrated in 1999, he became one of the maximum well-known poets in Bengali literature.
The global of conventional nature and mythology of rural Bengal has end up iconic inside the lifestyles of Jibanananda, wherein he’s known as ‘Rupsi Bengal Poet’. Buddhadev Basu has been described as the maximum lonely poet.
Annadashankar Roy called him the ‘purest poet’. Many of critics consider him the leading poet of Bengali literature after Rabindranath and Nazrul.
Jibananda’s Banalta Sen poetry book provided on the Nikhil Banga Rabindra Sahitya Sammelan (1953). The great poetry e-book obtained the Sahitya Akademi Award from the Government of India In 1955.
Among the well-known poems of Jibanananda Das, Rupsi Bangla, Banalta Sen, Mahaprabhitivi, Bella Abella Kalbella, Best Poetry, and many others.
Although Das is broadly speaking a poet, he has authored and posted numerous essays. However, earlier than his death in 1954, he wrote 21 novels and 126 brief testimonies, none of which were published in his lifetime. His lifestyle is spent in severe poverty.
During the latter part of the 20th century, his affect on Bengali poetry has seamlessly published.
Birth and childhood
Jibanananda Das was born on 18 February 1899 in the city of Barisal under the Bengal Presidency of British India (now Bangladesh). His ancestors had been residents of Bikrampur Pargana within the Dhaka district of Bangladesh. His grandfather Sarvananda Dasgupta (1838-85) relocated from Vikrampur to Barisal.
Sarvananda Dasgupta became a Hindu by way of beginning; Later, he was initiated into Brahma. He participated in the early tiers of the Brahma Samaj motion in Barisal and become broadly praised for his humanitarian work. Jibananda’s father Satyananda Dasgupta is the second son of Sarvananda.
Jibanananda’s mother, Kusumkumari Das, was a householder, but he wrote poems. His well-known poem Ideal Boy (whilst the boy will grow up in our us of a, or grow up to paintings or grow up in words) is still textual content for the youngsters. Jibanananda Das was the eldest child of his mother and father; His nickname become Milu.
His brother Ashokananda Das was born in 1908 and his sister Sucharita Das turned into born in 1915. Jainandan’s youth education started at domestic, as his father become against attending school at an early age. In the morning, the Upanishads pay attention to the recitation of the father’s voice in the voice of his father.
Although shy, he had a passion for sports, gardening, journeying, and swimming. He has been to many locations with an uncle considering the fact that childhood. Once in your formative years, you purchased into tough contamination. Mother and maternal grandmother traveled to places like Laxmou, Agra, and Delhi, at the side of poet Chandranath of the track of laughter.
Although his name at the start became Dasgupta, in the early thirties, Jibananda started writing the handiest Das, excluding Gupta.
Education
In January 1908, Jibanananda Das, an eight-yr-antique, changed into admitted to the fifth grade at Brajmohan School. While in the faculty, he commenced composing in Bangla and English. He also tended to paint his photographs at the time. In 1915, Brajmohan handed the Matriculation (now secondary or SSc) examination in the first department of the school.
After two years, repeat the preceding results in the Intermediate (Higher Secondary) exam from Brazmohan College; He then left Barisal for admission to Calcutta University. In 1919, he received his B.A. Degree with Honors in English from Presidency College, Kolkata. In that yr, his first poem was published in the Baishakh volume of the Brahmaist magazine.
The name of the poem become Varsha Abahn. The poet’s name no longer printed in the poem, most effective in the honorable Sri phrase written. However, his complete call printed on the anniversary index of the mag’s yr: Sree Jibanananda Das, B.A.
Literature and Life struggles
At the start of puberty, Jibanananda’s poetry started to increase. When Deshbandhu Chittaranjan Das died in June 1925, Jibananda wrote a Brahminical poem known as ‘Deshbandhu Prayan’ in his reminiscence, which become published in Bangabani.
The poem later changed its first poem, Jhora Palak. Reading the poem, poet Kalidas Roy commented, This Brahmin poem ought to have been written underneath the pseudonym of a longtime poet. It become most effective in 1925 when his first essay become published in 3 consecutive volumes in the Brahmavadi mag, at the shrine of the overdue Kalimohan Das.
Reading the poem, poet Kalidas Roy commented, This Brahmin poem ought to be written beneath the pseudonym of an established poet. It was handiest in 1925 that his first essay changed into posted in three consecutive volumes in the Brahmavadi magazine, at the shrine of the late Kalimohan Das.
In the identical yr, whilst the poem Neelima was posted in Kolol mag, it attracted the attention of many younger poets. Gradually his writings appeared in numerous literary journals in Kolkata, Dhaka, and different places; Among those were the famous magazines of the time, Kallol, Ink and Pens, Pragati, etc.
In 1927, the primary poetical poem of the poet was published using Jhara Palk. From that point onwards he started writing ‘das’ in preference to his circle of relatives’ surname ‘Dasgupta’. He lost his process at City College, simply months after the primary poem was published. Student dissatisfaction with the university centered on religious festivals, and as an end result, the university’s student enrollment charge dropped dramatically.
He become the youngest of the college’s instructors and the first college student fired him. The deportation becomes the reason of a long lifestyles-long mood. Even his poetry faced crucial complaints in Calcutta literature.
The renowned literary critic of the time, poet-literary poet Sajikanth Das, was stimulated through the ruthless complaint of his writings in Saturday’s letter. The poet joined Prafulla Chandra College in the small metropolis of Bagerhat as there have been no paintings to do in Kolkata. However, he lower back to Kolkata only two months later. At that time he changed to the board of the Presidency. He became in dire financial misery due to a lack of jobs. He labored as a home trainer for a dwelling and earned a touch from writing.
At the equal time, he was seeking out activity in diverse academic institutes. In December 1929, he joined Ramayash College in Delhi as a professor. Here, his tenure is handiest four months. On May nine, 1930, he married to the goddess of the labyrinth.
Jibanananda Das married in Dhaka town, Rammohan Library of Brahma Samaj adjoining to Sadarghat in Old Dhaka. Lavanya Gupta turned into analyzing at Eden College, Dhaka. At the wedding of Jibananda Das, poet Buddhadev Bose, Ajit Kumar Dutt become gift. She did not return to Delhi after marriage.
Then for about 5 years, Jibananda was inactive. Occasionally labored as an agent for an insurance organization; Did enterprise with borrowing cash from more youthful brother, But none of this has lasted. In the interim, the unemployment of Jibananda became now not the cause of family distress as his father became alive and his wife became living in Barisal.
In 1931, the first toddler of the poet, Manjushri turned into born. About that point, in his camp, the poem was published in the Identity paper edited through Sudhindranath Dutt, and at the same time it was broadly criticized in Calcutta literature.
The obvious content material of the poem was deer searching on a hot night. Many read this poem and identify it as obscene. He wrote numerous short stories and novels throughout this period of his unemployment, struggles, and frustrations; – but did not put up them in his lifetime.
In 1934, he composed a series of lyrics, which later formed the primary part of his Rupsi Bangla poem. Neither did these poems have fun. After his death in 1954, he collected poems in 1957 to post the Rupsi Bangla poem by using his sister Sucharita Das and poet Gehendra Guha, a famous poet of Mayukh.
Love and marriage
A young resident of Jibanananda Para fell in love with Shobhana, the daughter of his uncle Atulchandra Das. He devoted his first e-book of poetry, Shovona, without mentioning it.
He did not try to marry her because it changed into now not socially applicable for her to marry him. In his literary notes, he is referred to as Y. Shortly after marrying Lavanya Prabha Das (Naked Gupta) in 1930, character warfare commenced and He gave up his wish of a satisfied married life.
The gap with the spouse by no means narrowed. Although Jibanananda was close to dying after the tram coincidence on October 14, 1954, Lavanya Prabha did no longer meet her husband more than once in her demise. At that point, he becomes busy making movies in Tollygunge.
Jibanananda and Bengali poetry
Influence of Tagore
As of 2009, Bengali is the mother tongue of extra than three hundred million people residing in Bangladesh and India. Modern-day Bengali poetry has emerged on a huge foundation, written by using Michael Madhusudan Dutt (1824–1873) and Rabindranath Tagore (1861–1941).
Tagore ruled Bengali poetry and literature for nearly half a century, inevitably influencing modern poets. When Tagore offered the Nobel Prize in Literature for Gitanjali in 1913, it attracted worldwide literature of Bengali literature.
The poet himself composed poems in English with the title of Song Offer. Bengali poetry has come to a long manner since then. It has advanced around its personal tradition; It has answered to the poetry movement around the sector and It takes on distinct dimensions in special tones, colors, and summaries.
Contemporaries of Jibanananda
In Bengal, tries to break down the Tegrian worldview and stylistics that started out in the early 20th century. Poet Kazi Nazrul Islam (1899–1976) popularized himself with patriotic subject matters and melodies. However, many poets consciously tried to attribute Bengali poetry to modern European and American tendencies, beginning in the past due 19th century with the essence of rising worldwide modernity.
The 5 poets who are particularly acclaimed for creating Tagorean poetic illustrations and contributing to modern poetry are Sudhindranath Dutta (1901-1960), Buddhadev Bose (1908-1974), Amiya Chakraborty (1901-1986), and Jibanananda Das (1899–1954). ) And Vishnu Dey (1909–1982).
In twentieth-century Bengali poetry, the contours of modernity have been drawn through those 5 pioneers and some of their contemporaries. However, no longer all of them survived the check of time. Of those, the poet may want to infrequently understand in his lifetime.
He acquired very little interest and a few did now not recognize him. Readers, together with his contemporary literary critics, additionally complained of deviations in his fashion and mannerisms.
At various times he faced ruthless grievance from the pinnacle literary figures of his time. Even though Thakur praised his poetic competencies, he made unusual remarks in his writings. Yet, the future saved a crown for him.
Growth of popularity
In the closing half of the 20th century, Jibanananda Das emerged as one of the maximum popular contemporary Bengali literature poets. Apart from popularity, He presented himself as a first-rate poet who’s nonetheless unknown. It took time for his strange poetic compositions, phrase picks, and thematic alternatives to reach the readers’ hearts.
Towards the top of the 20th century, Jibanananda’s poetry have become a defined center of modernity in twentieth-century Bengali poetry. His early poems certainly inspired Kazi Nazrul Islam and other poets like Satyendranath Dutt, lengthy earlier than Jibanananda overcame those effects and created a brand new poetic composition. Buddhadeb Bose was the primary well-known of his fashion and thematic novelty.
However, as his fashion and composition matured, his message have become blurred. Readers, such as critics, began to bitch approximately readability and questioned his sensitivity. After his unintentional demise in 1954, the handiest reader came ahead who changed into now not simplest secure with Jibanananda’s style and composition but also loved his poetry.
The ambiguity of his poetic message is not questioned. After his start centenary was celebrated in 1999, Jibanananda Das become one of the most famous and famous poets in Bengali literature.
Even inside the overdue publish-contemporary technology of the 20th century, He turned into applicable to new flavors and stimuli. This changed into viable because his poems had many cycles of trade and later poems contained cutting-edge, publish-current factors.
Poetics of Jibanananda Das
In the early 20s, Das started writing and publishing. He posted the best 269 poems in diverse journals and magazines at some stage in his lifetime, of which sixteen accumulated in short from 162 Jhara Palak to Bela Obela Kalbela. Many of his poems have been published from manuscripts scattered over many a long time on the initiative of his brother Asokananda Das, sister Sucharita Das and nephew Amitananda Das, and thru Dr. Bhumendra Guhar.
By 2008, the whole quantity of Jibanananda’s known poems became about 800. Numerous novels and short tales have been also found and published on the same time. Jibanananda Pandit Clinton B. Silly referred to as Jibanananda “the maximum cherished poet of Bengal for the reason that Rabindranath Tagore”.
To many, however, analyzing Jibanananda Das’s poems is like stumbling into a maze of minds, as one might say of the ‘unreal’ people on campus operating tough. Das’s poems are occasionally the end result of deep feelings painted in photos that aren’t extensively understandable.
Sometimes the connection among the sequential traces isn’t apparent. Das broke the conventional circular structure (beginning-middle-edge) of the poem and the linear sequence of phrases, lines, and stanza styles. As an end result, the thematic meaning is often hidden at the back of a rhythmic narrative that calls for careful studying of the traces.
Prose fashion
During his lifetime, Jibanananda turned into the most effective poet who now and again wrote literary articles on request. A large variety of novels and short stories were observed quickly after his loss of life. Thematically, the stories of Jibanananda testimonies are in large part autobiographical.
Forms its very own time attitude. In poetry, he allowed it to be brought into his fiction even as subduing his personal lifestyle. Structurally his fictional works are greater based on dialogues than the author’s narration. However, his prose shows a unique fashion of compound sentences, the use of uncovered words, and a preferred sample of punctuation.
His essays give proof of a heavy prose fashion, able to expressing complicated but complex analytical statements. As a end result, his prose changed into very compact, with deep messages in a noticeably short area of time.
Recognition and criticism
Although he become called an exquisite poet in his lifetime, he couldn’t acquire a reputation. His apathy is also answerable for this; He turned into a beaver. However, at once after his death, he changed into recognized as one of the pioneers of modern poetry in Bengali. Many books have been written and are nonetheless being written on the lifestyles and poetry of Jibanananda Das in Bengali.
Apart from this, Clinton B. Silly has written about him in English in an e-book referred to as A Poet Apart. In addition to English, his poems have been translated into numerous European languages, consisting of French. Although he’s fine referred to as a poet, the big quantity of manuscripts which have been unearthed for the reason that his death in 2009 consists of 14 novels and masses of brief stories.
Death
He changed into injured in a tram twist of fate at Baliganj in Calcutta on October 14, 1954. Trapped in a tram catcher, his body becomes crushed. The bones of the neck, thighs, and ribs had been damaged. Chunilal, the proprietor of a close-by tea keep, and others rescued Jibanananda, who became seriously injured. He turned into admitted to Shambhunath Pandit Hospital. During this time many younger poets, together with Dr. Bhumendra Guha, tried their high-quality to treat Jibanananda. Poet-literary Sajanikanta Das took special initiative in this regard. At his request, the then Chief Minister of West Bengal, Dr. Bidhan Chandra Roy, came to peer the poet and directed for the proper treatment of the injured poet, even though the remedy did now not enhance a whole lot.
However, the circumstance of Jibanananda steadily became complicated. Eventually the poet shriveled pneumonia. All the efforts of the doctors and nurses failed and he died on 22nd October 1954 at 11:35 pm at the Shambhunath Pandit Hospital in Calcutta. Some, together with Abdul Mannan Syed, have speculated that suicidal ideation become the root cause of the accident.
Jibanananda researcher Dr. Bhumendra Guha thinks that worldly helplessness overwhelmed the poet mentally and emptied his desire for existence. The idea of death stuck within the poet’s head. He regularly notion of death in a tram coincidence. In the closing 100 years, the variety of deaths in tram injuries in Kolkata is most effective one. He is none apart from the poet Jibanananda Das. But in keeping with eyewitnesses, the poet become crossing the tram line with two bunches of dab in both palms. Crossing the tram line at the way domestic with bunches of dabs in each hands with the selection to dedicate suicide isn’t always a totally desirable argument.
